Ultrastructure of cryopreserved human sperm. The cryoprotectant used was glycerol/egg yolk. Ice was nucleated within the straw at -7°C. The sample was then cooled at 10°C per minute to -100°C and then transferred to liquid nitrogen. A cross fracture of the straw followed by deep etching removes ice and reveals several sperm embedded in freeze concentrated material (non-etched material) with the tails extending into a void previously occupied by ice. The sperm cells have been fractured during sample preparation.
